Which type of naval vessel typically leads ships in an amphibious operation?

An amphibious assault ship is specifically designed to support amphibious operations, making it the ideal choice for leading ships in such missions. These vessels are equipped with a well deck that can launch and recover smaller boats and amphibious craft, as well as flight decks for helicopters and vertical take-off aircraft. This capability allows them to transport Marines, equipment, and supplies directly onto the shore, facilitating the initial assault and subsequent operations.

In the context of amphibious operations, leadership by an amphibious assault ship ensures that the logistics and command of the operation are effectively managed. It serves as a base for both air and sea operations, coordinating the movement of forces and support elements during the assault. Other vessel types, such as submarines, frigates, and aircraft carriers, have specific roles that do not align with the primary responsibilities of leading an amphibious operation. Submarines are typically used for stealth and reconnaissance, frigates are more focused on escort and protection, and aircraft carriers specialize in air power projection, but none provide the direct amphibious support that an amphibious assault ship does.